Shaun Lovejoy

s_lovejoy

Étude des changements climatiques
par approche multifractale

McGill
Department of Physics

lovejoy [at] physics.mcgill.ca (lovejoy[at]physics[dot]mcgill[dot]ca)

Mots clé: Nonlinear geophysics, fractals, multifractals, atmospheric physics, turbulence, hydrology, physical volcanology

Here is a numerical simulation of clouds and pollution.

My research is heavily influenced by ideas in chaos, scaling and fractals. The long-term goal is a systematic investigation of the scaling symmetries of geophysical and atmospheric systems. Since 1979, I have been involved in advances in scaling notions, demonstrating that geophysical problems could provide a role in stimulating advances in physics, and could act as unique laboratories for nonlinear dynamics. Highlights of these advances include multifractals, generalized scale invariance, universal multifractals, the codimension formalism for multifractals, continuous cascade processes, vector and tensor multifractal processes, and the multifractal phase transition route to self-organized criticality.

This work has been directly linked to a series of new geophysical paradigms. A particularly exciting one is the idea that atmospheric dynamics repeat scale after scale from large to small scales in a cascade-like way. The key is recognizing that as the scales get smaller, the horizontal gets “squashed” much more than the vertical so that the stratification which starts out being extreme (structures very flat at planetary scales) become rounder and rounder at small scales. This has been directly verified using nearly 1000 satellite photographs (Lovejoy et al 2001), and more recently by state-of-the-art lidar and using pollution as an atmospheric tracer (Lilley et al 2004). We also discovered that aircraft can have fractal trajectories (Lovejoy et al 2004) and have thus been able to explain previously published aircraft wind and temperature data showing that they support this 23/9 dimensional “unified scaling” model (see our recent press release).

In the area of solid earth studies, we have shown that the surface topography is a universal multifractal, showing that - contrary to prevailing wisdom - scaling surfaces cannot generally be regarded as self-affine fractals (Gagnon et al 2003). Similarly, the variability of the earth’s surface magnetic field can be explained by a similar scaling stratification of the rock susceptibility (Lovejoy et al 2001). We have also studied bubble coalescence processes (Lovejoy, Gaonac’h, Schertzer 2004) in magma and related this to percolation and explosive volcanism (Gaonac’h, Lovejoy, Schertzer 2003).

Landais, F., Schmidt, F., Lovejoy, S., 2019. Topography of (exo) planets. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 484(1), 787-793.

Gires, A., Tchiguirinskaia, I., Schertzer, D., Lovejoy, S., Schellart, A., 2017Definition and implementation of innovative comparison tools between radar and rain gauge rainfall measurement. 9th International Workshop on Precipitation in Urban Areas: Urban Challenges in Rainfall Analysis, UrbanRain 2012, 38-43.

Lovejoy, S., 2017How accurately do we know the temperature of the surface of the earth? Climate Dynamics 49 (11-12), 4089-4106.

Lovejoy, S., 2017. Why the Warming Can’t be Natural: The Nonlinear Geophysics of Climate ClosureFractals: Concepts and Applications in Geosciences, p.190.

Chen, W., Lovejoy, S., Muller, J.-P., 2016Mars' atmosphere: The sister planet, our statistical twinJournal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 121 (20), 11,968-11,988.

Lovejoy, S., Varotsos, C., 2016Scaling regimes and linear/nonlinear responses of last millennium climate to volcanic and solar forcingsEarth System Dynamics 7 (1), 133-150.

de Lima, M.I.P., Lovejoy, S., 2015Macroweather precipitation variability up to global and centennial scalesWater Resources Research 51 (12), 9490-9513.

Gires, A., Giangola-Murzyn, A., Abbes, J.-B., Tchiguirinskaia, I., Schertzer, D., Lovejoy, S., 2015Impacts of small scale rainfall variability in urban areas: a case study with 1D and 1D/2D hydrological models in a multifractal frameworkUrban Water Journal 12 (8), 607-617.

Lovejoy, S., 2015A voyage through scales, a missing quadrillion and why the climate is not what you expectClimate Dynamics 44 (11-12), art. no. 18, 3187-3210.

Lovejoy, S., 2015Climate closureEos 96 (22), 8-9.

Lovejoy, S., 2015Using scaling for macroweather forecasting including the pauseGeophysical Research Letters 42 (17), 7148-7155.

Lovejoy, S., de Lima, M.I.P., 2015The joint space-time statistics of macroweather precipitation, space-time statistical factorization and macroweather modelsChaos 25 (7), art. no. 075410.

Lovejoy, S., Del Rio Amador, L., Hébert, R., 2015The ScaLIng Macroweather Model (SLIMM): Using scaling to forecast global-scale macroweather from months to decadesEarth System Dynamics 6 (2), 637-658.

Varotsos, C.A., Lovejoy, S., Sarlis, N.V., Tzanis, C.G., Efstathiou, M.N., 2015On the scaling of the solar incident fluxAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15 (13), 7301-7306

Gires, A., Tchiguirinskaia, I., Schertzer, D., Schellart, A., Berne, A.,  Lovejoy, S. 2014. Influence of small scale rainfall variability on standard comparison tools between radar and rain gauge data. Atmospheric Research 138, 125-138.

Hoang, C.-T., Tchiguirinskaia, I., Schertzer, D., Lovejoy, S., 2014Multifractal characteristics and extremes of high-resolution rainfall, application to climate change detectionRevue des Sciences de l'Eau 27 (3), 205-216.

Lovejoy, S. 2014. Scaling fluctuation analysis and statistical hypothesis testing of anthropogenic warming. Climate Dynamics 42 (9-10), 2339-2351.

Lovejoy, S., 2014, Return periods of global climate fluctuations and the pause, Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 41, no. 13, pp. 4704-4710.

Pinel, J., S., Lovejoy, 2014, Atmospheric waves as scaling, turbulent phenomena, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol. 14, pp. 3195–3210.

Pinel, J., Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D. 2014, The horizontal space-time scaling and cascade structure of the atmosphere and satellite radiances, Atmospheric Research, vol. 140-141, pp. 95-114.

Schmidt, G.A., Annan, J.D., Bartlein, P.J., Cook, B.I., Guilyardi, E., Hargreaves, J.C., Harrison, S.P., Kageyama, M., Legrande, A.N., Konecky, B., Lovejoy, S., Mann, M.E., Masson-Delmotte, V., Risi, C., Thompson, D., Timmermann, A., Yiou, P. 2014, Using palaeo-climate comparisons to constrain future projections in CMIP5, Climate of the Past, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 221-250.

Gires, A., Tchiguirinskaia, I., Schertzer, D., Lovejoy, S. 2013, Development and analysis of a simple model to represent the zero rainfall in a universal multifractal framework, Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 343-356. 

Gires, A., Tchiguirinskaia, I., Schertzer, D., Lovejoy, S. 2013, Multifractal analysis of a semi-distributed urban hydrological model, Urban Water Journal, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 195-208. 

Labat, D., C. T., Hoang, J., Masbou, A., Mangin, I., Tchiguirinskaia, S., Lovejoy, D., Schertzer, 2013, Multifractal behaviour of long-term karstic discharge fluctuations, Hydrological Process , vol. 27, no. 25, pp. 3708-3717.

Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., Varon, D. 2013, Do GCMs predict the climate ... or macroweather?, Earth System Dynamics, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 439-454.

Lovejoy, S., D., Schertzer, D., Varon, 2013, How scaling fluctuation analyses change ourview of the climate and its models (Reply to R. Pielke sr.: Interactive comment on “Do GCM’s predict the climate... or macroweather?” by S. Lovejoy et al.), Earth System Sciences discussions, vol. 3, pp. C1–C12.

Schertzer, D., I., Tchiguirinskaia, S., Lovejoy, 2013, Multifractality: at least three moments ! Interactive comment on “Just two moments! A cautionary note against use of high-order moments in multifractal models in hydrology” by F. Lombardo et al., Hydrology and Earth System Sciences discussions, vol. 10, pp. C3103–C3109, www.hydrol-earth-syst-scidiscuss. net/10/C3103/2013/. Supplement (with figures).

Schmidt, G. A., J. D., Annan, P. J., Bartlein, B. I., Cook, E., Guilyardi, J. C., Hargreaves, S. P., Harrison, M., Kageyama, A. N., LeGrande, B., Konecky, S., Lovejoy, M. E., Mann, V., Masson-Delmotte, C., Risi, D., Thompson, A., Timmermann, L.-B., Tremblay, P., Yiou, 2013, Using paleo-climate comparisons to constrain future projections in CMIP5, Climate of the Past Discussions, vol. 9, pp. 775-835.

Barton, C.C., Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D.J., Turcotte, D.L. 2012,  Benoit B. Mandelbrot (1924-2010), Eos, vol. 93, no. 4, pp. 44.

Gires, A., I., Tchiguirinskaia, D., Schertzer, S., Lovejoy, 2012, Influence of the zerorainfall on the assessment of the multifractal parameters, Advances in Water Resources, vol. 45, pp. 13-25. doi:10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.03.026.

Hoang, C.T., I., Tchiguirinskaia, D., Schertzer, P., Arnaud, J., Lavabre, S., Lovejoy, 2012, Assessing the high frequency quality of long rainfall series, Journal of Hydrology, vol. 438-439, pp. 39-51.

Lovejoy, S., Pinel, J., Schertzer, D. 2012, The global space-time cascade structure of precipitation: Satellites, gridded gauges and reanalyses. Advances in Water Resources, 45 pp. 37-50.

Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., In press, Multifractal cascades and the emergence of atmospheric turbulence, Cambridge.

Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D. 2012,  Haar wavelets, fluctuations and structure functions: Convenient choices for geophysics, Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 513-527. 

Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D. 2012, Stochastic and scaling climate sensitivities: Solar, volcanic and orbital forcings, Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 39, no. 11.

Pinel, J., S., Lovejoy, D., Schertzer, A. F., Tuck, 2012, Joint horizontal – vertical anisotropic scaling, isobaric and isoheight wind statistics from aircraft data, Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 39, p. L11803.  

Schertzer, D., I., Tchigirinskaya, S., Lovejoy, A., Tuck, 2012, Quasi-geostrophic turbulence and generalized scale invariance, a theoretical reply, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,
12, 327–336, 2012, doi:10.5194/acp-12-327-2012.

Stolle, J., Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D. 2012, The temporal cascade structure of reanalyses and global circulation models. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 138(668), 1895-1913. 

Gires, A., Tchiguirinskaia, I., Schertzer, D., Lovejoy, S., 2011. Multifractal and spatiotemporal analysis of the rainfall output of the meso-NH model and radar data, Hydrological Sciences Journal, 56(3), 380-396.

Schertzer, D., Tchiguirinskaia, I., Lovejoy, S., Tuck, A., 2011. Quasi-geostrophic turbulence and generalized scale invariance, a theoretical reply, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions, 11(1), 3301-3320.

Lovejoy, S., 2010. Why the bare/dressed cascade distinction matters: Interactivecomment on “Reconstruction of sub-daily rainfall sequences using multinomia multiplicative cascades” by L. Wang et al., Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss. 7, C1–C4.

Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., 2010. On the simulation of continuous in scale universal multifractals, part I: Spatially continuous processes, Computers and Geosciences, 36(11), 1393-1403.           

Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., 2010. On the simulation of continuous in scale universal multifractals, Part II: Space-time processes and finite size corrections, Computers and Geosciences, 36(11), 1404-1413.

Schertzer, D., Tchiguirinskaia, I., Lovejoy, S., Hubert, P., 2010. No monsters, no miracles: in nonlinear sciences hydrology is not an outlier! Hydrological Sciences Journal, 55(6), 965-979. 

Lovejoy, S., Tuck, A. F., Schertzer, D., 2010. Horizontal cascade structure of atmospheric fields determined from aircraft data, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D13105.

Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., Tuck, A.F., 2010. Why anisotropic turbulence matters: another reply, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 10, 7495-7506, 2010.

Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., 2010. Towards a new synthesis for atmospheric dynamics: Space-time cascades, Atmospheric Research, 96(1), 1-52. 

Lovejoy, S., Agterberg, F., Carsteanu A., Cheng, Q., Davidsen, J., Gaonac'h, H., Gupta, V., L'Heureux, I., Liu, W., Morris, S.W., Sharma, S., Shcherbakov, R., Tarquis, A., Turcotte, D., Uritsky, V., 2009. Nonlinear Geophysics: Why we need it, EOS, 90 (48), 455-456.

Lovejoy, S., Tuck, A.F., Hovde, S.J., Schertzer, D., 2009. Vertical cascade structure of the atmosphere and multifractal dropsonde outages, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D07111, doi:10.1029/2008JD010651.

Lovejoy, S., Tuck, A.F., Schertzer, D., 2009. Interactive comment on “Comment on“Reinterpreting aircraft measurements in anisotropic scaling turbulence" by Lovejoy et al. (2009)” by E. Lindborg et al, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Disc., 9, C7688-C7699.

Lovejoy, S., Tuck, A. F., Schertzer, D.,  Hovde, S. J., 2009. Reinterpreting aircraft measurements in anisotropic scaling turbulence, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss, 9, 3871-3920.

Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., Allaire, V.,  Bourgeois, T. , King, S.,  Pinel, J. , Stolle, J., 2009. Atmospheric complexity or scale by scale simplicity?, Geophys. Res. Lett, 36, L01801, doi:10.1029/2008GL035863. 

Lovejoy, S., Watson, B.P., Grosdidier, Y.,  Schertzer, D., 2009. Scattering in thick multifractal clouds, part II: Multiple scattering, Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 388 (18), 3711-3727, DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2009.05.037.

Stolle, J., Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., 2009. The stochastic cascade structure of deterministic numerical models of the atmosphere, Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 16, 1–15.

Watson, B.P., Lovejoy, S., Grosdidier, Y., Schertzer, D., 2009. Scattering in thick multifractal clouds, part I: Overview and single scattering, Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 388 (18), 3695-3710, DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2009.05.038. 

Lilley, M., Lovejoy, S., Strawbridge, K., Schertzer, D., Radkevitch, A., 2008. Scaling turbulent atmospheric stratification, Part II: spatial stratification and intermittency from lidar data, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 134 (631 PART B), 301-315. GEOTOP publication n° 2008-0007. 

Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D. , 2008. Turbulence, rain drops and the l 1/2 number density law, New J. of Physics, 10, 075017(32pp), doi:10.1088/1367-2630/10/7/075017.

Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., Allaire, V., 2008. The remarkable wide range spatial scaling of TRMM precipitation, Atmospheric Research, 90(1), 10-32. GEOTOP publication n° 2008-0004.

Lovejoy, S., A., Tarquis, H., Gaonac'h, Schertzer, D., 2008. Single and multiscale remote sensing techniques, multifractals and MODIS derived vegetation and soil moisture, Vadose Zone J.,  7(2), 533-546. GEOTOP publication n° 2008-0009. 

Lovejoy, S., Gaonac'h H. , Schertzer D., 2008. Anisotropic Scaling Models of Rock Density and the Earth's Surface Gravity Field, Mathematical Geosciences, 40 (5), 533-573.

Lovejoy, S.,  Tuck,  A., Hovde, S.,  Scherzter, D.,  2008. Do stable atmospheric layers exist? Geophys. Res. Lett., 35(1), L01802, doi:10.1029/2007GL032122. publication n° 2007-0029.

Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., Lilley, M., Strawbridge, K., Radkevitch, A.,  2008. Scaling turbulent atmospheric stratification, Part I: turbulence and waves , Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 134 (631 PART B), 277-300. GEOTOP publication n°2008-0006. 

Radkevich, A., Lovejoy, S., Strawbridge, K., Schertzer, D., Lilley, M., 2008. Scaling turbulent atmospheric stratification, Part III: Space-time stratification of passive scalars from lidar data, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 134 (631 PART B), 317-335. GEOTOP publication n° 2008-0008. 

Royer, J.F., Biaou, A., Chauvin, F., Schertzer, D., Lovejoy, S., 2008. Multifractal analysis of the evolution of simulated precipitation over France in a climate scenario, Comptes Rendus Geosciences, 340(7), 431-440. GEOTOP publication n°2008-0005.

Beaulieu, A., Gaonac'h, H., Lovejoy, S., 2007. Anisotropic scaling of remotely sensed drainage basins: The differential anisotropy scaling technique, Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, 14 (4), 337-350. GEOTOP publication n° 2007-0018.  

Elsner, J.B., Gupta, V.K., Lovejoy, S., Lucarini, V., Murray, A.B., Sharma, A.S., Tebbens, S., Tsonis, A.A., Vassiliadis, D., 2007. Twenty years of nonlinear dynamics in geosciences, Eos, 88(3), 29. GEOTOP publication n° 2007-0022.  

Gaonac'h, H., Lovejoy, S., Carrier-Nunes, M., Schertzer, D., Lepine, F., 2007. Percolating magmas in three dimensions, Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, 14(6), 743-755. GEOTOP publication n° 2007-0056.

Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., 2007. Scale, scaling and multifractals in geophysics: twenty years on, Nonlinear dynamics in Geosciences, Ed. A.A. Tsonis, J. Elsner, Springer., 604 p., GEOTOP publication n° 2007-0024.

Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D.,  2007. Scaling and multifractal fields in the solid earth and topography, Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, 14 (4), 465-502.

Lovejoy, S., Tuck, A.F., Hovde, S.J., Schertzer, D., 2007. Is isotropic turbulence relevant in the atmosphere? Geophysical Research Letters, 34 (15), art. no. L15802.

Macor, J., Schertzer, D., Lovejoy, S., 2007. Multifractal methods applied to rain forecast using radar data [Méthodes multifractales appliquées à la prévision de pluie en utilisant des données radar], Houille Blanche, 4, 92-98.

Radkevich, A., Lovejoy, S., Strawbridge, K., Schertzer, D., 2007. The elliptical dimension of space-time atmospheric stratification of passive admixtures using lidar data, Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 382(2), 597-615. GEOTOP publication n° 2007-0041.

Gagnon, J.S., Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., 2006. Multifractal earth topography, Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 13(5), 541–570. GEOTOP publication n° 2006-0038.

Hubert, P., Tchiguirinskaia, I., Schertzer, D., Bendjoudi, H., Lovejoy, S., 2006. Predetermination of floods, Extreme Hydrological Events: New Concepts for Security, Vasiliev, O.F.; van Gelder, P.H.A.J.M.; Plate, E.J.; Bolgov, M.V. (Eds.), Springer Nato Science Series: IV: Earth and Environmental, Sciences, Vol.78, 185-198.

Lilley, M., Lovejoy, S., Desaulniers-Soucy, N., Schertzer, D., 2006. Multifractal large number of drops limit in rain, Journal of Hydrology, 328(1-2), 20-37. GEOTOP publication n° 2006-0037.

Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., 2006. Scaling turbulent atmospheric stratification: a turbulence/wave wind model, Wind Energy: Proceedings of the Euromech Colloquium, Eds. J. Peinke, P. Schaumann, S. Barth, Springer-Verlag, 332pp. GEOTOP publication n° 2006-0046

Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., 2006. Multifractals, cloud radiances and rain, J. Hydrol., 322(1-4), 59-88. GEOTOP publication n° 2006-0045.

Schertzer, D. and Lovejoy, S., 2006. Multifractals en Turbulence et Géophysique.Irruption des Géométries Fractales dans la Sciences. G. Belaubre and F.Begon. Paris, Académie Européeene Interdisciplinaire des Sciences: 189-209.

Schertzer, D., Bernardara, P., Biaou, A., Tchiguirinskaia, I., Lang, M., Sauquet, E., Bendjoudi, H., Hubert, P., Lovejoy, S., Veysseire, J.M., 2006. Extremes and multifractals in hydrology: Results, validations and prospects [Extrêmes et multifractals en hydrologie: Résultats, validations et perspectives], Houille Blanche, 5, 112-119.

Tchiguirinskaia, I. , Schertzer, D., Lovejoy, S., Veysseire, J.M., 2006. Wind extremes and scales: multifractal insights and empirical evidence, Wind Energy: Proceedings of the Euromech Colloquium, Eds. J. Peinke, P. Schaumann, S. Barth, Springer-Verlag, 332pp.

Gaonac'h, H., Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., 2005. Scaling vesicle distributions and volcanic eruptions, Bulletin of Volcanology, 67 (4), 350-357. GEOTOP publication no. 2005-0049.

Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., Gagnon, J.S., 2005. Multifractal simulations of the Earth’s surface and interior: anisotropic singularities and morphology, in GIS and Spatial Analysis, Proc. Of Inter. Assoc. Math. Geology, Eds. Q. Cheng, G. Bonham-Carter 37-54.

Grosdidier, Y., Lovejoy, S., Watson, B.P., Schertzer, D., 2004. Atmospheric Stratification and Radiative Transfer, Fourteenth ARM Science Team Meeting Proceedings, Albuquerque, New Mexico, March 22-26, 2004.

Lilley, M., Lovejoy, S., Strawbridge, K., Schertzer, D., 2004. 23/9 dimensional anisotropic scaling of passive admixtures using lidar aerosol data, Phys. Rev. E, 70, 036307-1-7.

Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., Tuck,A. F., 2004. Fractal aircraft trajectories and nonclassical turbulent exponents, Physical Review E, 70, 036306-1-5.

Lovejoy, S., Gaonac'h, H., Schertzer, D., 2004. Bubble distributions and dynamics: the expansion-coalescence equation, Journal of Geophysical Research (Solid Earth), 109, B11203, doi:10.1029/2003JB002823. GEOTOP Publication n° 2004-0019.

Schertzer, D., Lovejoy, S., 2004. Space-time Complexity and Multifractal Predictability, Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 338 (1-2), 173-186.

Schertzer, D., Lovejoy, S., 2004. Uncertainty and Predictability in Geophysics: Chaos and Multifractal Insights, In: State of the Planet, Frontiers and Challenges in Geophysics, edited by R.S.J. Sparks, and C.J. Hawkesworth, pp. 317-334, AGU, Washington.

Tchiguirinskaia, I. , Schertzer, D., Hubert, P., Bendjoudi, H., Lovejoy, S., 2004. Multiscaling geophysics and sustainable development in: Scales in Hydrology and Water Management, Tchiguirinskaia, I. Bonnel, M. Hubert, P. eds IAHS Press, Wallingford, UK, 111-137.

Tchiguirinskaia, I , Schertzer, D., Lovejoy, S., Hubert, P., Bendjoudi, H. 2004. Techniques multifractales et gestion du cycle de lʼeau, In Journées dʼétude sur les methods pour les signaux complexes en traitement dʼimage, Eds. J.P. Nadal, A. Turiel, H. Yahia, INRIA 9-10 Dec. 2003, p.67 –75.

Gagnon, J.S., Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., 2003. Multifractal surfaces and terrestrial topography, Europhysics Lett., 62 (6), 801-807.

Gaonac'h, H., Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., 2003. Resolution dependence of infrared imagery of active thermal features at Kilauea Volcano, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 24 (11), 2323-2344. GEOTOP Publication n° 2003-0018.

Gaonac'h, H., Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., 2003. Percolating magmas and explosive volcanism, Geophysical Research Letters, 30 (11), 1559-1563, doi:10.1029/2002GL016022. GEOTOP Publication n° 2003-0019.

Hubert, P., Schertzer, D., Tchiguirinskai, A.I., Bendjoudi, H., Lovejoy, S., Hallegatte, S., Larchevěque, M., 2003. A multifractal point of view on climatological evolution, Houille Blanche, 8, 31-33.

Hubert, P., Tchiguirinskaia, I., Schertzer, D., Bendjoudi, H.,  Lovejoy, S., 2003. Scaling, fractals and multifractals in hydrology: premises and perspectives, J. of Appl. Hydrology, 16, 1-9.

Lovejoy, S., Lilley, M., Desaulniers-Soucy, N., Schertzer, D., 2003. Large particle number limit in Rain, Physical Review E, 68, 025301.

Harvey, D. C., Gaonac'h, H., Lovejoy, S., Stix, J., Schertzer, D., 2002. Multifractal Characterization of Remotely Sensed Volcanic Features: A Case Study from Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, Fractals, 10, 265-274.

Hubert, P., Bendjoudi, H., Schertzer, D., Lovejoy, S., 2002. Multifractal taming of extreme hydrometeorological events, IAHS-AISH Publication, (271), pp. 51-56.

Sachs, D., Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., 2002. The multifractal scaling of cloud radiances from 1m to 1km, Fractals, 10, 253-265.

Schertzer, D., Lovejoy, S., 2002. Review of Multifractals and 1/f noise, Math. Rev.

Schertzer, D., Tchiginskaya, Y., Lovejoy, S., Hubert, P., Bendjoudi, H., Larchevêque, M., 2002. Which chaos in the rainfall-runoff process?, Hydrological Sciences Journal, 47, 1, 139-149.

Desaulniers-Soucy, N., Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., 2001. The HYDROP experiment: an empirical method for the determination of the continuum limit in rain, Atmos. Resear., 59-60, 163-197.

Finn, D., Lamb, B., Leclerc, M.Y., Lovejoy, S., Pecknold, S., Schertzer, D., 2001. Multifractal Analysis of Plume concentration fluctuations in surface layer flows, J. Appl. Meteor, February, 229-245.

Lovejoy, S., Pecknold, S., Schertzer, D., 2001. Stratified multifractal magnetization and surface geomagnetic fields, part 1: spectral analysis and modelling, Geophys. J. Inter., 145, 112-126.

Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., Stanway, J. D., 2001. Direct Evidence of planetary scale atmospheric cascade dynamics, Phys. Rev. Lett., 86, n22, 5200-5203.

Lovejoy, S., Tessier, Y., Claereboudt, M.R., Currie, W.J.S., Roff, J.C., Bourget, E., Schertzer, D., 2001. Universal Multifractals and ocean patchiness: phytoplankton, physical fields and coastal heterogeneity, J. Plankton Res., 23, 117-141.

Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., Tessier, Y., Gaonac'h, H., 2001. Multifractals and Resolution independent remote sensing algorithms: the example of ocean colour, Inter. J. of Remote Sensing, 22, 1191-1234.

Pecknold, S., Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., 2001. Stratified multifractal magnetization and surface geomagnetic fields, part 2: multifractal analysis and simulation, Geophys. J. Inter., 145, 127-144.

Salvadori, G., Schertzer, D., Lovejoy, S., 2001. Multifractal objective analysis: conditioning and interpolation, Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 15, no. 4, 261-283.

Schertzer, D., Larchevesque, M., Duan, J., Yanovsky, V., Lovejoy, S., 2001. Fractional Fokker-Planck Equation for nonlinear stochastic differential equations driven by non-gaussian and Levy stable noises, J. Math. Phys., 42 (1), 200-212, DOI:10.1063/1.1318734 .

Schmitt, F., Schertzer, D., Lovejoy, S., 2000. Multifractal fluctuations in finance, Inter. J. Theor. Appl. Fin., 3, 361-364.

Lovejoy,S., Garrido, P., Schertzer, D., 2000. Multifractal absolute galactic luminosity distributions and the multifractal Hubble 3/2 law, Physica A, 287, 49-82.